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Name: Okami
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Thursday, March 23, 2006

Close, but the volitive form (want) comjugates the same as a -masu form, but with -tai instead.
thus, tabetai ( I want to eat), or Shizuka Arakawa ni aitai (I want to meet Shizuka Arakawa).

the -te form is used to connect  a verb to a proceding word or clause.

It has many uses, but one common one is with the verb kudasai (please give me) to make a request.

without -te kudasai means please give me. i.e.
ringo o kudasai (please give me an apple)

but with a -te form verb it becomes a request for the other person to perform the action of the -te verb.

tabete kudasai (pleae eat)
matte kudasai (please wait)

informally kudasai can be dropped.

tabete (eat)
matte (wait)


Monday, February 27, 2006

Asking Directions.

Ano... sumimasen
um... excuse me

Hai?

Harajuku ni ikitai n desu kedo...
I'd like to go to Harajuku but...

aa Harajuku desu ne?

ee

Shinjuku eki kara yamanote-sen ni notte, Harajuku eki de orite kudasai.
Ride the Yamanote line from Shinjuku station and get off at Harajuku station.

Aa yamanote-sen desu ne

Hai

Arigatou gozaimasu.



NOTES....
Ano...
ano is a simple way to call attention to yourself in a polite manner.
-tai n desu kedo...  this is a very useful way to ask for something in Japan. You simply state what you want to do and add a hanging butt at the end.  (hmm did i spell that right?).
The hanging but allows them to fill in the rest and take care of your needs.

also note.  to say want to verb. just take the verb and put -tai where you would regularly put -masu in the polite form.

also note that n is short for no which is a particle placed after a verb to make it function like a noun phrase in a sentence. in short it allows you to add desu kedo.

ne... Japanese tend to use ne to show that they have understood a question or comment.

notte... notte is the -te form of the verb noru (ride). when the -te form appears at the end of a phrase like this it give the meaning (ride 'and then'...)

orite... this is the -te form of oriru (get off). when -te form is followed by kudasai it means 'please do verb



QUIZ.
1. what is the polite form of oriru?
2. of noru?
3. what would the volitive (I want) forms be?
4. what's the volitive form of eat?
5. How would you say... "I want to meet Shizuka Arakawa"
note... meet is au and the person being met is marked with ni




Thursday, February 16, 2006

Corrections

1. Present tense of dirty:  kitanai desu  O
2. Negative past tense form of cute:  kawakunakatta  X
kawaii - i + kunai = kawaikunai, kawaikunai - i + katta = kawaikunakatta. (that was a tricky one. but remember therre are two i's and you only drop one.
3. “It wasn’t fun.”  Tanoshikunakatta desu. O
4. “The red car was fast.”  Akai kuruma wa hayai deshita. X
Akai kuruma wa hayakatta desu.
5. “The complicated problem was difficult.”   Fukuzatsu mondai wa muzukashikatta desu.X
Fukuzatsu na mondai wa muzukashikatta desu.  (fukuzatsu is a na-type adjective so it needs a na before being followed by a noun. Oh and that was the second mistake before. kirei is also a na-type so you needed to say kirei na hito.

but good job. you get two'en. I'm in a hurry now, but I'll post a new lesson soon.


Thursday, February 09, 2006

Ok, Shera got ju'en and everyone else is MIA.
So let's see. There were only two mistakes with Shera's answers.

yakuza wa kirei jin ja nai.
This is hard to explain without you knowing kanji, but the kanji, 人, is pronounced hito (meaning person) when it's buy itself  and it's only pernounced as jin in a kanji compound like 日本人 nihonjin (Japanese person). so in other words, jin only occurs in compounds, so in this case you need to use hito.
secondly, kirei is a na-type adjective so it needs na when modifying a proceding noun. Thus the correct sentence would be...

yakuza wa kirei na hito ja nai.

Ok, so the next difference between na-type and i-type adjectives will become apparent when we try to make past tense forms.

na-type act a lot like nouns. so it won't be too difficult with them.

present tense - > kirei desu, shizuka desu (it's quiet).
past tense - > kirei deshita, shizuka deshita.

But i-type is a bit more complicated.

present tense -> kowai desu, akai desu (it's red)
past tense -> kowakatta desu, akakatta desu.

Do you see what happened. The i is dropped and katta is added.

Now let's try negative form.

kirei de wa arimasen, shizuka de wa arimasen, fukuzatsu de wa arimasen (it's not complicated)
kowakunai desu, akakunai desu, kitanakunai desu (it's not dirty)

did you see what happened there. na-type acts the same as a noun. THe tense is determined by the form of da (desu).
and with i-type you stick a kunai in it's i and you get the negative form.


Now finally let's do the negative past tense.

kirei de wa arimasen deshita. shizuka de wa arimasen deshita. fukuzatsu de wa arimasen deshita.

kowakunakatta desu, akakunakatta desu, kitanakunakatta desu.

It looks real complicated but you basically just make the neg form and then make the past form out of that. akai - i + kunai = akakunai, akakunai - i + katta = akakunakatta.

Ok so for your quiz.....

1. What's the present tense of dirty?
2. What's the negative past tense form of cute?
3.  tanoshikatta means "it was fun". How would you say "it wasn't fun"
translate.
4. the red car was fast.   (car = kuruma, fast = hayai)
5. the complicated problem was difficult.    (problem = mondai, difficult = muzukashii)


Friday, January 13, 2006

Thnx sam. I gave you san'en. 4& 5 were a little off though.

4. kono manga wa ikura desu ka?     you used kore in place of kono. remember kono modifies a noun (in this case manga) while kore takes the place of a noun.

5. kono suteki na mahou no kutsu wa takai desu.   you used matsu instead of kutsu. so technically it was an allright grammatical sentence but instead of saying "these wonderful magic shoes" you said "This wondeful magic pine tree".

 

Ja! Jugyou hajimemasu!!

The time has come. We've been using them a bit all ready, but we haven't explored their functions exhaustively. The time is now! I give you... KONG!! Eh.. er.. I mean ADJECTIVES!!

Dialogue.

Yukie chan wa kirei da na.   Isn't Yukie pretty.

so ne. sara ni, yankumi toshite kirei na kimono o kiru.   Yeah, and moreover, as Yankumi she wears beautiful kimono.

demo, yakuza nanka chotto kowai ne.  But, yakuza and all is a little scary isn't it.

so ka mo kedo, yankumi wa kowai hito ja nai yo. That maybe so, but yankumi isn't a scary person.

 

notes

sarani   moreover, in addition, further more

...toshite  as...    I as a teacher watashi wa kyoushi toshite, or He as a foreigner kare wa gaikokujin toshite, etc.

kiru   wear

nanka   this is hard to translate. The preceding word and all like things. Don't worry too much about it. It changes the nuance more than the meaning so if you read the sentence without it it still makes sense.

chotto   a bit, a little

ka mo   maybe. Short for ka mo shirenai.

kedo   but. This occurs at the end of a sentence fragment as opposed to demo, which would occur at the beginning of a sentence.

hito   person

ja nai   isn't. This is the negative form of da. To make these polite, da turns into desu and ja nai turns into de wa arimasen or ja arimasen.

 

Ok there are four ways to modify a noun in Japanese.(four ways I can think of right now)

1. -i type adjectives.

    These are any adjective that ends in -ai, -ii, -ui, or -oi. (note it DOES NOT include -ei ending adjectives)

These adjectives can appear right before a noun without any modification.

takai hon expensive book, kawaii koneko cute kitty, ookii kuchi big mouth, warui hito bad person, kodomoppoi otoko childish man.

 

2. na type adjectives

   These are all the other adjectives. When these adjectives come before a noun na has to be put in between the adjective and the noun.

fukuzatsu na hon complicated book, jouhin na onna elegant woman

 

3. other nouns

when another noun is used to modify the main noun it's connected with no.

mahou no kutsu magic shoes (lit. shoes of magic). yankumi no seito yankumi's student (lit. student of yankumi). tomodachi no natsumi my friend, natsumi.

I'd like you to be aware of this but don't over worry about it. nouns modifying nouns can get complicated (fukuzatsu).

 

4. verb phrases

don't over worry about it now. But like how we add to a noun with verbs after it (the guy swimming) verbs can come before nouns and modify them in Japanese (oyondeiru yatsu

 

QUESTIONS.

1. find a -i type adjective in today's dialogue.

2. find a na type adjective in today's dialogue.

Translate.

3. Isn't Yukie scary

4. She wears scary kimono

5. Aren't yakuza pretty

6. Yakuza aren't pretty people.

CHALLENGE

7. Today's dialogue was all informal. Rewrite it as a formal (polite) conversation. Hint.. change the last verb in each sentence into its polite form.



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